Energy & Residency | Kovara

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

30+ regions

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

United Arab Emirates · Outside EU / EEA

Abu Dhabi

Regulated

Data residencyUAE jurisdiction; data rules can vary by sector and free zone.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity467.51 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verification2026-09-03

Spain · Outside EU / EEA

Álava

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity153.56 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Netherlands · EU / EEA

Amsterdam

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity price€0.0868/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 86.81 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity253.56 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Arizona

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Atlanta

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

New Zealand · Outside EU / EEA

Auckland

Liberalized

Data residencyNew Zealand jurisdiction; Privacy Act applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity92.76 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Thailand · Outside EU / EEA

Bangkok

Regulated

Data residencyThai jurisdiction; PDPA applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity546.32 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Spain · Outside EU / EEA

Barcelona

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity153.56 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Beauharnois

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Colombia · Outside EU / EEA

Bogotá

Mixed

Data residencyColombian jurisdiction; local privacy requirements apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity186.81 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

South Korea · Outside EU / EEA

Busan

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity417.14 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Calgary

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

California

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Australia · Outside EU / EEA

Canberra

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity524.59 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Capacity/region dependent

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

United Kingdom · Outside EU / EEA

Cardiff

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity217.41 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

India · Outside EU / EEA

Chennai

Mixed

Data residencyIndian jurisdiction; DPDP compliance and sector rules may apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Chicago

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Denmark · EU / EEA

Copenhagen

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity99.62 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Dallas

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

India · Outside EU / EEA

Delhi NCR

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Deployment dependent

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Distributed data centers

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Qatar · Outside EU / EEA

Doha

Regulated

Data residencyQatari jurisdiction; local compliance review recommended.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity581.52 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United Arab Emirates · Outside EU / EEA

Dubai

Regulated

Data residencyUAE jurisdiction; data rules can vary by sector and free zone.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity467.51 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verification2026-09-03

Ireland · EU / EEA

Dublin

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity255.9 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Europe

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Europe (Stockholm/London/Spain) and selected APAC

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Europe / North America

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Europe / selected regions

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Germany · EU / EEA

Falkenstein

German-Luxembourg electricity market

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0893/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average for Germany/Luxembourg bidding zone; 89.32 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity344 gCO2/kWhAnnual German electricity-mix direct CO2 factor per kWh consumed; UBA boundary accounts for electricity trade balance; excludes upstream life-cycle emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-10-02

Finland · EU / EEA

Finland

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity26 gCO2/kWhAnnual average electricity consumption emission factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

France · Outside EU / EEA

France (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0611/kWhAnnual wholesale spot average; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity19.6 gCO2e/kWhAnnual domestic generation average; operational emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Germany · EU / EEA

Frankfurt

German-Luxembourg electricity market

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0893/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average for Germany/Luxembourg bidding zone; 89.32 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity344 gCO2/kWhAnnual German electricity-mix direct CO2 factor per kWh consumed; UBA boundary accounts for electricity trade balance; excludes upstream life-cycle emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-08-30

Sweden · Outside EU / EEA

Gävle

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity35.35 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Switzerland · Outside EU / EEA

Geneva

Electricity market not published

Data residencySwiss jurisdiction; Swiss FADP applies; outside EU/EEA.

Electricity price€0.1017/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 101.69 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity39.22 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Global / region-aware

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

France · EU / EEA

Gravelines

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0611/kWhAnnual wholesale spot average; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity19.6 gCO2e/kWhAnnual domestic generation average; operational emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Vietnam · Outside EU / EEA

Hanoi

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity462.58 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

Finland · EU / EEA

Helsinki

Nord Pool - Finland

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity26 gCO2/kWhAnnual average electricity consumption emission factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-08-30

Vietnam · Outside EU / EEA

Ho Chi Minh City

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity462.58 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

Hong Kong · Outside EU / EEA

Hong Kong

Regulated

Data residencyHong Kong jurisdiction; local privacy rules apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity675.48 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Houston, Texas

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

Iceland · EU / EEA

Iceland

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity27.82 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verification2026-09-20

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Illinois

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

India · Outside EU / EEA

India

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Indonesia · Outside EU / EEA

Indonesia (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity681.11 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verificationNot recorded

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Iowa

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Ireland · Outside EU / EEA

Ireland

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity255.9 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Israel · Outside EU / EEA

Israel

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity492.69 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Indonesia · Outside EU / EEA

Jakarta

Regulated

Data residencyIndonesian jurisdiction; local data rules may be sector-specific.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity681.11 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2024

Last region verification2026-09-03

South Africa · Outside EU / EEA

Johannesburg

Regulated

Data residencySouth African jurisdiction; POPIA applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity698.96 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Kansas City

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Malaysia · Outside EU / EEA

Kuala Lumpur

Regulated

Data residencyMalaysian jurisdiction; PDPA applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity603.21 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Portugal · EU / EEA

Lisbon

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity128.08 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United Kingdom · Outside EU / EEA

London

Liberalized

Data residencyUK jurisdiction; UK GDPR and Data Protection Act apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity217.41 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Los Angeles

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Spain · EU / EEA

Madrid

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity153.56 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Malaysia · Outside EU / EEA

Malaysia (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity603.21 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

Philippines · Outside EU / EEA

Manila

Liberalized

Data residencyPhilippine jurisdiction; local privacy laws apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity595.44 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

France · EU / EEA

Marseille

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity price€0.0611/kWhAnnual wholesale spot average; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity19.6 gCO2e/kWhAnnual domestic generation average; operational emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Australia · Outside EU / EEA

Melbourne

Liberalized

Data residencyAustralian jurisdiction; Privacy Act applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity524.59 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Memphis, Tennessee

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

Mexico · Outside EU / EEA

Mexico City

Mixed

Data residencyMexican jurisdiction; no general data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity474.02 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Michigan

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Italy · EU / EEA

Milan

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity284.63 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Montreal

Mixed

Data residencyCanadian jurisdiction; PIPEDA and Quebec privacy rules may apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

India · Outside EU / EEA

Mumbai

Mixed

Data residencyIndian jurisdiction; DPDP compliance and sector rules may apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Netherlands · Outside EU / EEA

Netherlands

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0868/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 86.81 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity253.56 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Nevada

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

New Jersey

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Australia · Outside EU / EEA

New South Wales

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity524.59 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

United States · Outside EU / EEA

New York Metro

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

New York State

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

India · Outside EU / EEA

Noida

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-23

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

North America

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Northern Virginia

PJM

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-08-30

Norway · Outside EU / EEA

Norway (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity28.1 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Ohio

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Ontario

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Japan · Outside EU / EEA

Osaka

Liberalized

Data residencyJapanese jurisdiction; APPI applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity477.37 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Norway · EU / EEA

Oslo

Liberalized

Data residencyEEA jurisdiction; GDPR-aligned rules apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity28.1 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

France · EU / EEA

Paris

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity price€0.0611/kWhAnnual wholesale spot average; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity19.6 gCO2e/kWhAnnual domestic generation average; operational emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

France · Outside EU / EEA

Paris / availability-zone dependent

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0611/kWhAnnual wholesale spot average; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity19.6 gCO2e/kWhAnnual domestic generation average; operational emissions Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Phoenix

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

India · Outside EU / EEA

Pune

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity670.55 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Quebec

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Mexico · Outside EU / EEA

Querétaro

Mixed

Data residencyMexican jurisdiction; no general data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity474.02 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Region dependent

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Richmond, Virginia

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

San Francisco

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Chile · Outside EU / EEA

Santiago

Liberalized

Data residencyChilean jurisdiction; local privacy compliance required.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity290.51 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Brazil · Outside EU / EEA

São Paulo

Liberalized

Data residencyBrazilian jurisdiction; LGPD applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity109.95 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Brazil · Outside EU / EEA

São Paulo State

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity109.95 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Seattle

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

South Korea · Outside EU / EEA

Seoul

Regulated

Data residencySouth Korean jurisdiction; PIPA applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity417.14 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Silicon Valley

Mixed

Data residencyUS jurisdiction; no general federal data-localization requirement.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Singapore · Outside EU / EEA

Singapore

Liberalized

Data residencySingapore jurisdiction; PDPA applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity497.09 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Sparks, Nevada

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Sweden · EU / EEA

Stockholm

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity35.35 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Australia · Outside EU / EEA

Sydney

Liberalized

Data residencyAustralian jurisdiction; Privacy Act applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity524.59 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Taiwan · Outside EU / EEA

Taipei

Regulated

Data residencyTaiwan jurisdiction; local privacy requirements apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity634.07 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Israel · Outside EU / EEA

Tel Aviv

Mixed

Data residencyIsraeli jurisdiction; local privacy framework applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity492.69 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Texas

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Thailand · Outside EU / EEA

Thailand (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity546.32 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

Japan · Outside EU / EEA

Tokyo

Liberalized

Data residencyJapanese jurisdiction; APPI applies.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity477.37 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Canada · Outside EU / EEA

Toronto

Mixed

Data residencyCanadian jurisdiction; PIPEDA and provincial privacy rules may apply.

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity190.73 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United Kingdom · Outside EU / EEA

United Kingdom (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity217.41 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

United States

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

Unspecified

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

US / Europe / APAC / South America selected

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

US / India selected

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Multiple / Unspecified · Outside EU / EEA

US East / selected regions

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensityNot publishedNo sourced carbon intensity

Last region verification2026-09-20

Norway · Outside EU / EEA

Vestland

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity28.1 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

Austria · EU / EEA

Vienna

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity price€0.0989/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 98.94 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity117.22 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

Vietnam · Outside EU / EEA

Vietnam (location unspecified)

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity462.58 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Virginia

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-20

Poland · EU / EEA

Warsaw

Liberalized

Data residencyEU jurisdiction; GDPR applies.

Electricity price€0.1043/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 104.29 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity590.8 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Washington State

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Woodbury, Minnesota

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-30

United States · Outside EU / EEA

Wyoming

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity384.4 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-26

Croatia · EU / EEA

Zagreb

Electricity market not published

Data residencyNot published

Electricity priceNot publishedNo sourced power price

Carbon intensity158.5 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verificationNot recorded

Switzerland · Outside EU / EEA

Zurich

Mixed

Data residencySwiss jurisdiction; Swiss FADP applies; outside EU/EEA.

Electricity price€0.1017/kWhAnnual day-ahead wholesale average; 101.69 EUR/MWh divided by 1000; excludes retail fees, taxes and provider contracts Source · 2025

Carbon intensity39.22 gCO2e/kWhEmber modelled annual electricity-generation lifecycle average (CC BY 4.0); includes upstream, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions; original CSV unit gCO2/kWh represents CO2-equivalent under publisher methodology; national estimate, not measured facility emissions or a Scope 2 factor Source · 2025

Last region verification2026-09-03

Compute geography is part of the price.